History of Turkey begins with Turks migrating into Anatolia under control of  Alparslan, the commander of Seljuk dynaysty in 1071 after victory versus Byantine Empire at the Battle of Manzikert.

This victory was beginning ıf a quick expansion of Turks into the Anatolia, hence the country was called 'Turchia' in Europe in the beginning of 12th century.

Seljuk dynaysty ruled the country until the Mongol invasion and victory in 1243 at the Battle of Kösedağ.

During Mongol rule in Turchia, several states (Beylik) were born in various parts of the country.

Ottoman Beylik (Osmanlı Beyliği) was born as a state near Söğüt in Bilecik in 1299 and quickly expanded territories in Western Turchia and Rumeli.

Conquering Constantinople, Ottoman Beyliği was no more a small state but gained fame of a very powerfull Empire by also expanding to Eastern Anatolia, Caucasus, Middle East, North Africa and Central Europe.

Ottoman Empire was in peak of its power and fame in until 1683, the start of stagaition period (1683-1827) and decline period between 1828 -1908.

Dissolution started in 1908 after Revolution of Young Turks and continued with following wars.

1911-12 Italo-Turkish War

1912-13 Balkan Wars

1914-18 World War the first

1919-22 Turkish War of Independence

The end of the Empire was the declaration of Turkish Republic on Ocober 28th, 1923.

An image of Ottoman Empire expansion in 1683.

The Republic era started with the fall of Ottoman Empire in 1923
.

A current map of Turkey in Turkish Republic era.

Turkey is sub-divided into 7 geographical regions and 81 administrative provinces (See destinations).